Return Flight (Uncontrolled to Controlled)
Preliminaries
On the way back, the direction is reversed. PT-VBR departs from Ipatinga (SBIP), an uncontrolled aerodrome served by an aeronautical station, and returns to Pampulha (SBBH), a controlled aerodrome, cruising at 6,500 ft.
As on the outbound flight, the transition level is 080 and the entire flight takes place below it, at altitudes referenced to QNH.
This is where the two situations most frequently assessed in VFR training appear: the uncontrolled departure, in which the pilot runs the operation and simply reports each step, and the entry into a controlled traffic circuit, in which the Tower clears, sequences and organises the flow.
flowchart TD
RDO(RADIO);
RDO --> FIS(INFORMATION);
FIS --> APP(CONTROL);
APP --> TWR(TOWER);
TWR --> GND(GROUND); 
Rádio / 
Radio / 
Radio
Departure on a VFR flight plan
When departing from an uncontrolled aerodrome, the pilot announces each phase and the station responds with information and acknowledgement. Note that there is no clearance at any point.
A few remarks...
-
When there is known traffic, the station describes it in enough detail for the pilot to establish their own separation.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, Rádio Ipatinga ciente. Vento UNO TRÊS ZERO graus, ZERO CINCO nós. Ajuste de altímetro UNO ZERO UNO DOIS. Tráfego conhecido é o PAPA SIERRA ROMEO ECHO TANGO, um Xingu, na perna do vento da pista UNO DOIS. Reporte no ponto de espera.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, Ipatinga Radio roger. Wind ONE THREE ZERO degrees, ZERO FIVE knots. Altimeter setting ONE ZERO ONE TWO. Known traffic is PAPA SIERRA ROMEO ECHO TANGO, a Xingu, on downwind leg runway ONE TWO. Report holding point.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, Ipatinga Radio recibido. Viento UNO TRES CERO grados, CERO CINCO nudos. Ajuste de altímetro UNO CERO UNO DOS. Tráfico conocido es el PAPA SIERRA ROMEO ECHO TANGO, un Xingu, en el tramo con viento en cola de la pista UNO DOS. Reporte en el punto de espera. -
When the pilot decides to wait because of other traffic, they report the decision. The station only acknowledges it.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, no ponto de espera, mantém posição, aguardando o pouso do Xingu.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, holding point, maintaining position, waiting for the Xingu landing.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, en el punto de espera, mantiene posición, esperando el aterrizaje del Xingu. -
The time check is provided by the station because, with no control unit, the takeoff time reported by the pilot is the official record of the movement.
Informação / Information / Información
En-route position report
Contact with the flight information service is brief and to the point: who I am, what I am, from where to where, at what altitude, where I am and what my estimate is.
Controle / Control / Control
Entering the TMA and the CTR
Entering controlled airspace requires a clearance. The pilot requests it, stating position, altitude and intention, and Control responds with the transponder code, the clearance and any restrictions.
A few remarks...
-
Control may deny entry, or make it conditional, due to traffic volume. In that case, the aircraft must remain outside controlled airspace.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, mantenha fora da TMA Belo Horizonte, aguarde autorização para o ingresso.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, remain outside Belo Horizonte TMA, standby for entry clearance.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, manténgase fuera de la TMA Belo Horizonte, espere autorización para el ingreso. -
It is common for Control to specify a visual reporting point for entering the CTR. Check the aerodrome chart and state the point in your report.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, autorizado ingresso na CTR Belo Horizonte via Lagoa da Pampulha, mantenha DOIS MIL E QUINHENTOS pés ou abaixo, reporte sobre o ponto.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, cleared to enter Belo Horizonte CTR via Pampulha Lake, maintain TWO THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED feet or below, report over the point.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, autorizado el ingreso a la CTR Belo Horizonte vía Laguna de Pampulha, mantenga DOS MIL QUINIENTOS pies o inferior, reporte sobre el punto.
Torre / Tower / Torre
Joining the traffic circuit
This is the most important contact of the arrival. The pilot reports position, altitude and what they want. The Tower responds with the circuit clearance, the runway in use, the wind, the altimeter setting and the expected report.
A few remarks...
-
The Tower may assign the circuit side at the time of the clearance, which is frequent at aerodromes with overflight restrictions.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, faça aproximação pela direita, pista ZERO DOIS, vento ZERO QUATRO ZERO graus, UNO ZERO nós, ajuste de altímetro UNO ZERO UNO QUATRO, reporte perna base.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, make right hand approach, runway ZERO TWO, wind ZERO FOUR ZERO degrees, ONE ZERO knots, QNH ONE ZERO ONE FOUR, report base leg.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, efectúe aproximación por la derecha, pista CERO DOS, viento CERO CUATRO CERO grados, UNO CERO nudos, ajuste de altímetro UNO CERO UNO CUATRO, reporte tramo base. -
When the aircraft arrives aligned with the runway, the Tower may clear a straight-in approach and save the entire circuit.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, autorizada aproximação direta, pista UNO TRÊS, vento UNO CINCO ZERO graus, UNO CINCO nós, Q N H UNO ZERO UNO TRÊS, reporte final.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, cleared straight in approach, runway ONE THREE, wind ONE FIVE ZERO degrees, ONE FIVE knots, Q N H ONE ZERO ONE THREE, report final.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, autorizada aproximación directa, pista UNO TRES, viento UNO CINCO CERO grados, UNO CINCO nudos, Q N H UNO CERO UNO TRES, reporte final. -
If the runway is still occupied, the landing clearance is not issued at the final call.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, pista UNO TRÊS, continue aproximação, aguarde pista livre, vento UNO TRÊS ZERO graus, UNO ZERO nós.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, runway ONE THREE, continue approach, standby for runway vacated, wind ONE THREE ZERO degrees, ONE ZERO knots.
VICTOR BRAVO ROMEO, pista UNO TRES, continúe aproximación, espere pista libre, viento UNO TRES CERO grados, UNO CERO nudos.
After landing
After touchdown, the Tower gives the landing time, the runway exit and the handover to Ground.
Complete flight
With the outbound and return flights, you have gone through every unit a visual flight can encounter in Brazil. What remains are the variations, and that is exactly what the next page covers.